Ingredient Glossary

Acmella Oleracea Extract, also known as Gatuline® Expression AF, is a natural, plant-derived alternative to injectable wrinkle treatments. It contains Spilanthol, a natural compound that relaxes facial muscles, reducing the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles. It also supports natural collagen and elastin production by stimulating fibroblasts (the cells responsible for producing these proteins), leading to firmer and more elastic skin for long-term anti-ageing benefits.

Activated Carbon provides powerful detoxifying and purifying benefits for oily and congested skin. It works by deeply cleansing the pores, absorbing excess sebum, and eliminating impurities, resulting in visibly clearer and more balanced skin. Over time, it helps reduce enlarged pores, prevent breakouts, and minimise shine, making it an excellent choice for maintaining a healthy complexion.

Algae Extract is a nutrient-dense marine active, rich in antioxidants, amino acids, and essential minerals that help protect skin from environmental damage. Its high antioxidant capacity neutralises free radicals generated by UV exposure and pollution, reducing oxidative stress that accelerates skin ageing. Naturally hydrating polysaccharides draw and retain moisture, reinforcing the skin barrier and improving elasticity. The combination of protective and replenishing actions helps maintain a smoother, more resilient, and plumper complexion.

Allantoin is a natural plant derivative, widely used in skincare for its soothing, hydrating, softening and healing properties.

Aloe Leaf Juice has a long history of use for its calming, anti-inflammatory, and hydrating effects on the skin. Its versatility makes it suitable for all skin types, especially beneficial for dehydrated, weakened, and sensitive skin.

Alpha-Hydroxy Acids are a chemical exfoliant which exfoliate the top layers of the skin, offering a variety of benefits. They are mostly derived from plant-based sources. Some of the most common AHAs are Glycolic Acid, Lactic Acid, Citric Acid, Mandelic Acid and Malic Acid. Depending on the type of AHA, they can reduce dullness, even skin tone, reduce pigmentation, tighten pores, stimulate collagen production, hydrate the skin and offer antioxidant protection. AHAs are generally less irritating and drying to the skin as they are water-soluble.

Amino Acids form the essential foundation of peptides and proteins, crucial for restoring and maintaining optimal healthy skin and body functions. These versatile ingredients bring a range of benefits from strengthening and renewing to deeply hydrating, brightening, and protecting the skin.

The Anti-Glycation Complex features Carnosine, a peptide with potent anti-glycation properties. Glycation is a crystallisation of collagen and elastin fibres, making them rigid and unable to operate, resulting in the skin's premature ageing. The action of carnosine is supercharged by two antioxidants: Sylimarine and Vitamin E, protecting the skin from free radicals and preventing premature cellular skin ageing.

Apricot kernel oil is used in skincare for its nourishing, soothing, and protective properties. It effectively restores the skin barrier, reducing water loss and promoting lasting hydration. Its lightweight texture ensures quick absorption, while natural vitamins A and E promote skin cell renewal, offering anti-ageing benefits. This versatile oil is ideal for maintaining smooth, healthy skin and rejuvenated complexion.

Apricot Seed Powder, is derived from the kernels of Apricots. This finely ground powder provides gentle physical exfoliation to remove dead skin cells and improve dry, rough or congested skin.

Arginine is a naturally occurring amino acid found in the skin that facilitates healing and repair processes. It acts as a hydrating and collagen-boosting active, supporting collagen synthesis for firmer, plumper skin. In addition, Arginine helps to protect against glycation, a process in which sugars bind to collagen and elastin fibres, causing them to stiffen and lose elasticity. Its antioxidant properties further help neutralise free radicals, reducing oxidative and glycation-related stress to effectively combat signs of premature ageing and maintain a smoother, more resilient complexion.

Arnica Extract is rich in flavonoids and Phenolic Acid. It has powerful anti-inflammatory benefits, expert at protecting sensitive skin and soothing tightness. Arnica also contains strong antioxidant and protective benefits.

Avocado Oil is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids (Omegas 3 & 6) and has healthy repairing, anti-inflammatory and nourishing properties. Furthermore, it is also extremely adept at preserving the barrier function and preventing Trans epidermal Water Loss (TEWL).

Phyto-retinols function as plant-derived retinol alternatives, supporting skin renewal, collagen production and overall skin regeneration while maintaining the integrity of the skin barrier. They work by mimicking the activity of traditional retinoids, stimulating cell turnover and enhancing collagen synthesis to improve firmness, smooth wrinkles and refine skin texture. By activating these pathways, phyto-retinols help to improve skin density, even tone and enhance overall clarity. Due to their gentle, bio-compatible mechanism, they deliver effective anti-ageing benefits without the irritation, sensitivity or barrier disruption commonly associated with traditional retinoids.

Baobab Extract is rich in vitamin C, B vitamins B3 & B6, amino acids, and polysaccharides. It stimulates fibroblast activity to increase collagen I and elastin production, reinforcing the skin’s structural support. Its polysaccharides form a hydrating, plumping film that enhances elasticity and suppleness, while antioxidants like vitamin C and polyphenols defend against oxidative damage and slow collagen breakdown. Together, these effects help firm, smooth, and lift the skin over time.

Beta Hydroxy Acid is a chemical exfoliant which penetrates deeply into pores to dissolve debris and dead skin cells. Because BHAs are oil-soluble, anti-bacterial & anti-inflammatory, they are particularly adept at treating active, inflamed and infected acne; even cystic acne. Also known as Salicylic Acid, this powerful ingredient is great at sebum-regulating the skin, reducing pores, lightening hyperpigmentation, fighting bacteria and easing inflammation.

A powerful antioxidant and natural precursor to vitamin A, Beta-Carotene is found in richly pigmented fruits and vegetables like carrots and sweet potatoes. It helps to neutralise free radicals, support skin cell renewal, and promote a healthy, radiant glow. Known for its protective and reparative benefits, Beta-Carotene strengthens the skin’s defences against environmental stress, helps improve tone and texture, and supports barrier resilience, making it ideal for dull, tired, or UV-exposed skin.

Beta-glucan, derived from yeast, is a chain of sugar molecule known for its humectant (hydrating), collagen-boosting, and anti-inflammatory properties. It strengthens the skin barrier, supports a balanced microbiome, and enhances resilience against environmental aggressors. Beta-glucan deeply hydrates the skin, diminishes wrinkles, and provides a soothing effect, making a great multi-benefit ingredient for all skin types.

Beta-Sitosterol is a plant-based fatty acid with a composition similar to cholesterol, a natural component of the skin barrier. Due to its barrier-replenishing properties, Beta-Sitosterol effectively combats dehydration and dryness. Rich in anti-inflammatory and antioxidant compounds, it offers soothing, protective, and anti-ageing benefits. This multi-benefit ingredient helps to protect the skin form environmental aggressors, promoting a healthier, more resilient complexion while reducing sensitivity.

Burdock Extract, derived from the root of the Arctium Lappa plant, has strong antioxidant, antibacterial, detoxifying, and anti-inflammatory properties. These qualities make it an excellent ingredient for treating acne, eczema, dark circles, and excess sebum production. When applied around the eyes, it boosts circulation, helping to reduce dark circles and puffiness while strengthening and protecting the delicate skin in this area.

Caffeine has energising, microcirculation boosting and blood vessel constricting properties helping to quickly and effectively improve puffiness and dark circles.

Calendula Flower is known for its soothing, comforting and calming properties, making it ideal for delicate skins. Naturally rich in protective antioxidants, it shields the skin against free radical damage and supports cell renewal.

Cassava Extract, forms a flexible, viscoelastic film on the skin. This creates a tightening effect, visibly lifting and defining facial contours.

Centella Asiatica is a powerful antioxidant which has immense anti-inflammatory, soothing and wound-healing benefits. Rich in chlorophyll, it is also extremely proficient at reducing redness. Also known as "Tiger Grass" as tigers were known to roll in it after having been wounded.

Ceramides are lipids naturally found in our skin barrier. They play an essential role in preventing Trans epidermal Water Loss (TEWL)  which is the loss of moisture through the skin, by restoring and maintaining healthy the skin's barrier function. Ceramides also enhance the skin's natural protection against environmental aggressors and irritants, helping to keep skin balanced and calm.

Chamomile Extract, derived from chamomile flowers, is one of the most potent anti-inflammatory actives. This gentle extract not only soothes and calms but also deeply nourishes and hydrates the skin. With its potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, it effectively heals and protects, promoting skin health and resilience.

Cider Vinegar is extracted from fermented apples and contains high concentrations of fruits acids. Particularly potent in Acetic Acid, Citric Acid and Malic Acid; Cider Vinegar contains powerful exfoliating, purifying and renewing properties. High in Polyphenols, this ingredient also has significant antioxidant effects, combatting damageing photo-induced free-radicals.

Coconut Derived Esters solubilises lipophilic dirt (dirt attracted to oils) and removes impurities for a very effective cleanse without stripping the skin and disturbing the skin barrier function.

Collagen plays a crucial role in maintaining firmness, plumpness and elasticity. It functions as a powerful hydrating and film-forming agent, attracting and retaining water at the skin’s surface while forming a flexible, protective layer that reduces trans-epidermal water loss. By increasing water content within the upper layers of the skin, it creates immediate plumping to smooth fine lines and improve overall suppleness. This hydration-driven mechanism allows the skin to appear fuller, softer and more cushioned.

Cotton Oil is extracted from cotton seeds. Naturally rich in Omega 6 & 9, two essential Fatty Acids that limit Trans epidermal Water Loss (TEWL) and strengthen the skin barrier. Cotton Oil is naturally rich in Vitamin E whose antioxidant properties protect cells from external damage and premature ageing.

Cucumber Extract is rich in Vitamins and minerals. Having a variety of benefits, this ingredient is incredibly gentle and multi-faceted. It is softening and hydrating, as well as calming and refreshing. Furthermore, it also has some astringent and purifying properties, making it suitable for sensitive skins, oily skins and dehydrated skins.

Ectoin, alternatively spelled "ectoine," is a derivative of amino acids—organic compounds that serve as the fundamental building blocks of proteins and peptides. It functions to protect cellular structures in organisms exposed to extreme environmental conditions such as high salinity, extreme pressure, and severe temperature fluctuations. It achieves this by stabilising critical biomolecules, including enzymes, proteins, and nucleic acids. Ectoin forms a protective barrier around the skin, shielding it from environmental stressors such as ultraviolet (UVA) radiation and pollution. Furthermore, ectoin mitigates transepidermal water loss (TEWL) by reducing stress on the stratum corneum, the outermost layer of the skin, even in arid and challenging environments. Ectoin provides several scientifically backed benefits for skin health, including: -  Its ability to reduce TEWL contributes to softer, smoother skin by maintaining optimal moisture levels and supporting a balanced skin microbiome. -  It helps protect against UVA-induced damage, reducing hyperpigmentation and photoaging. - Ectoin alleviates skin sensitivity and stress, making it suitable for irritated or compromised skin.

Enzymes function as gentle exfoliating agents, breaking down the protein bonds that hold dead skin cells together at the surface while preserving the integrity of healthy skin. By selectively dissolving this buildup, enzymes support natural cell turnover, helping to refine texture, brighten the complexion and improve product absorption. Due to their targeted, non-abrasive mechanism, they are particularly well-suited to sensitive and reactive skin, offering effective exfoliation without triggering irritation or barrier disruption.

Gentian helps revive dull skin by restoring brightness. It works by stimulating microcirculation (blood flow at the skin’s surface) whilst it supports the skin’s natural detoxification processes by eliminating the buildup of toxins and impurities to reveal a brighter and more even complexion.  

A powerful adaptogenic botanical traditionally used in East Asian medicine, Ginseng (Panax Ginseng Root Extract) is rich in ginsenosides, compounds shown to enhance skin microcirculation, protect against oxidative stress, and improve collagen and elastin production. It helps plump the skin and reduce fatigue-induced dullness by supporting cellular energy production and barrier integrity. Ginseng also exhibits strong anti-inflammatory activity, making it ideal for calming or environmentally stressed skin while improving tone, texture, and hydration.

Ginsenoside Compound K, derived from Panax Ginseng, is a powerful plant-based alternative to Vitamin C. This stable alternative offers collagen-boosting and wrinkle-smoothing benefits without the risk of irritation or potency loss. Although it is rarely used in skincare due to its poor solubility and limited skin penetration, Venn's patented Solubilisation Technology enables water-solubilisation of Ginsenoside Compound K. This enhances its delivery into the skin, ensuring optimal results.

Glutathione is a natural antioxidant and plays a crucial role in protecting cells against environmental aggressors. It functions as a potent brightening and anti-pigmentation agent by inhibiting tyrosinase, the enzyme involved in melanin (pigment) synthesis. Additionally, glutathione helps to counteract glycation, a process in which sugars bind to skin proteins like collagen and elastin, leading to stiffness, dullness, and premature aging. By reducing oxidative stress and limiting the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), glutathione supports a more even, supple, and radiant complexion.

Glycerin is a potent humectant commonly used in skincare for its powerful hydrating properties. It works by attracting water molecules from the atmosphere and retaining them in the deeper layers of the skin, effectively boosting hydration reservoir. This helps to plump up the skin, resulting in reduced dehydration lines and a soft, supple complexion.

This Glycoprotein is made by microorganisms living in the harsh conditions of Antarctic glaciers. It prevents skin from drying, boosts collagen and elastin production, and helps keep the skin smooth and resilient. It reduces wrinkle depth and maintains the skin's integrity.

Golden Collagenine combines a collagen-boosting peptide with gold and platinum carrier particles to deliver actives directly to the receptors of collagen producing cells, thereby enhancing its activity. This unique formula creates channels within the skin that allow deeper penetration of ingredients, increasing the bioavailability of actives by up to 90x. As a result, it significantly reduces wrinkles and restores youthful firmness to the skin.

Growth factors function as cellular signalling proteins, communicating with skin cells to support repair, regeneration and overall skin renewal while preserving the integrity of healthy tissue. By activating these pathways, growth factors help to stimulate collagen and elastin production, improve skin density and reduce the appearance of fine lines and loss of firmness. Due to their targeted, bio-identical mechanism, they deliver advanced anti-ageing benefits by supporting skin regeneration, improving firmness and enhancing overall skin resilience without triggering irritation or barrier disruption.

Hazelnut Oil, naturally rich in Vitamin E, Antioxidants, and Fatty Acids, replenishes and strengthens the skin barrier, leaving it nourished and soft. This lightweight, fast-absorbing oil also helps to enhance skin hydration and protects against environmental damage.

Horse Chestnut, a botanical extract known for its circulation-boosting properties. It promotes lymphatic drainage, helping to reduce fluid buildup and puffiness, while smoothing and firming the skin’s appearance. This natural powerhouse works to visibly diminish cellulite and support a more toned skin.

Horsetail is a herbaceous plant rich in actives that help to stimulate key components within the dermis: Collagen, Elastin & Glycosaminoglycans such as Hyaluronic Acid. The stimulation of these components improves the skin's firmness, tone and hydration. Horsetail extract is also rich in antioxidants and boasts healing properties, ensuring the skin is protected against environmental aggressors and premature cell ageing.

Hyaluronic Acid functions as a powerful humectant, attracting and binding water to the skin to support optimal hydration while maintaining the integrity of the skin barrier. Formulated in different molecular weights, it works at multiple levels — high molecular weight hyaluronic acid sits on the surface to form a protective, water-retaining film that prevents transepidermal water loss, while low molecular weight hyaluronic acid penetrates more deeply to deliver hydration within the upper layers of the skin, improving elasticity and suppleness. By increasing water content throughout these layers, it creates immediate and long-term plumping, smoothing wrinkles and enhancing skin density. As hydration is fundamental to all skin functions — from barrier strength to enzymatic activity and cellular renewal — maintaining optimal hydration levels is essential for healthy skin.

Jasmine oil, derived from the aromatic blossoms of Jasmine plant, is known for its soothing and relaxing properties. This healing oil supports healthy skin barrier and alleviates stress and anxiety, while calming and nourishing sensitive skin.

Jojoba Oil has a similar oil composition to human sebum (oil)  This similarity allows it to replenish the hydro-lipidic film and regulate sebum overproduction, without clogging pores or creating a greasy feel. When applied to the skin, Jojoba Oil can trick the skin into thinking it has produced enough oil, thereby reducing excessive oil production. Additionally, it has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties, making it ideal for congested, oily, and blemish-prone skin.

Juniper is a powerful antibacterial botanical especially suited to oily and breakout-prone skin. It is rich in natural compounds terpenes and flavonoids which work to regulate sebum, reducing excess oil, refining pores and limiting the growth of acne-causing bacteria.

Kudzu Extract is a soothing active that quickly reduces inflammation and is particularly efficient at soothing skin conditions like rosacea. It works by limiting the action of phospholipase 2, an enzyme involved in inflammatory reactions. Kudzu extract also helps to improve the skin's resilience to irritation.

Lactobacillus Ferment, a probiotic derived from the fermentation of Lactobacillus bacteria that focuses on microbiome balancing. A balanced microbiome is crucial for healthy skin as it strengthens the skin's barrier, reduces inflammation, and improves hydration, resulting in healthier and more resilient skin. It also helps maintain optimal pH levels and protects against infections.

Lecithin is a deeply soothing ingredient that helps strengthen the skin’s barrier and protects against dryness and irritation. Rich in nourishing Fatty Acids, Glycerol, and Phospholipids (the building blocks of healthy cells) it also helps to repair weakened and damaged skins while locking hydration. 

Lemon Peel is nature’s brightener to dull and uneven complexions. Bursting with vitamin C and flavonoids, it protects against free radicals (unstable molecules that break down collagen and speed up ageing). Its gentle exfoliating action sweeps away dead skin cells, revealing a brighter, clearer and more even complexion.

Derived from the Glycyrrhiza Glabra plant, Licorice Root Extract is a potent botanical known for its brightening, soothing, and reparative properties. Rich in glabridin and liquiritin, it helps to inhibit tyrosinase activity, visibly reducing hyperpigmentation and dark spots while promoting a more even skin tone. Its natural anti-inflammatory and antioxidant actions help to calm redness, support healing, and protect the skin from environmental aggressors. Licorice Root Extract promotes a clearer, brighter, and a more balanced complexion over time.

Luffa Oil is supremely nourishing and repairing. It has a natural composition of 72% polyunsaturated fatty acids, of which 62% are essential fatty acids. This fatty acid content type is close to that of our body's and therefore restores the normal lipidic (oily) state of dry skins, and rebuilds enough oils to replenish optimal barrier function.

Lupinus Albus Seed Extract contains natural peptides that increase skin firmness and reduce wrinkles by enhancing collagen production. It also strengthens the skin barrier, reduces inflammation, and provides nourishment and hydration.

Macadamia Nut Oil, cold-pressed for maximum efficacy, is rich in Fatty Acids that offer strong nourishing, replenishing, skin softening and healing benefits for the skin.

Magnesium Chloride contains astringent properties, but also promotes skin regeneration by increasing the amount of collagen and elastin fibres in the dermis.

The Marine Exopolysaccharide stimulates collagen and elastin synthesis to improve the skin's firmness, smoothness and plumpness. Furthermore, it also has a tightening benefit on the collagen fibre network, which provides an immediate and durable lifting effect, filling in fine lines and wrinkles.

Derived from sustainably sourced marine origins, Marine Elastine is a fibrous protein crucial to skin elasticity and resilience. Naturally rich in amino acids such as glycine, alanine, and proline, it helps support the structural integrity of the dermis by reinforcing elastin fibres, which are responsible for the skin’s stretch and recoil. Marine Elastine works in synergy with collagen to maintain firmness, flexibility, and a plump bounce. Its moisture-binding properties also aid in improving hydration and softening the appearance of wrinkles and crepiness. By supporting the skin’s extracellular matrix, it helps restore suppleness and elasticity, making it ideal for skin experiencing a loss of tone due to ageing, dehydration, or environmental stress.

Matrikines are peptides already naturally present in the skin; they are cellular messengers which are capable of sequencing events to spark and improve the healing process. As we age, these peptides diminish significantly in their number and their abilities; this Complex not only stimulates the synthesis of these peptides, but it also improves the environment in which they reside, empowering them. Therefore, this Complex protects the skin against photo-ageing and time-ageing as it reverses the chronological ageing process by reducing the depth and surface area of wrinkles, and increases skin firmness and elasticity.

Mimosa Extract has the ability to protect and repair collagen and elastin fibres structures which have been damaged by glycation. The reason this is so important is because collagen and elastin is what keeps skin youthful, smooth, plump and taught. Preserving these fibres is a necessary step in anti-ageing.

The Mimosa Tenuiflora Extract aids in stimulating tissue repair to regenerate new tissue and its anti-microbial & healing benefits protect and repair the skin.

Natural Moisturising Factors are water-soluble substances which are naturally present in the epidermis. They are able to capture water and effectively hydrate the upper layers of the epidermis, making NMFs an incredibly hydrating ingredient for the skin.

Next-generation UV filters represent a new standard in sun protection, delivering high-performance, broad-spectrum defence with exceptional photostability. Advanced filters such as Bis-Ethylhexyloxyphenol Methoxyphenyl Triazine and Diethylamino Hydroxybenzoyl Hexyl Benzoate provide long-lasting, reliable protection against both UVA and UVB rays, helping to prevent premature ageing, pigmentation, and cellular damage. Their high efficiency allows for lightweight, invisible formulations that sit seamlessly on the skin without heaviness, greasiness, or white cast—offering a more refined, comfortable approach to daily SPF with improved tolerability, even for sensitive skin.

Vitamin B3 also known as Niacinamide, is versatile and highly effective ingredient with many benefits. It helps to strengthen skin barrier function and increase water retention by increasing natural ceramide production. It's anti-inflammatory and sebum regulating properties soothe, repair and balance irritated, weakened and acne prone skins. Niacinamide is also a potent antioxidant with protective and brightening properties helping to restore skin's natural glow.

Olea Europea Oil also known as Olive oil is rich in fatty acids and antioxidants, offering nourishing and protective benefits for the skin. Abundant in Vitamin E, it shields the skin from cell-damageing free radicals, effectively preventing premature skin ageing. Its high content of Fatty Acids improves barrier function and hydration levels, while its anti-inflammatory properties help reduce skin sensitivity for a healthy and balanced complexion.

Olive Oil Fractions are potent extracts from Olive Oil, packed with antioxidants, Squalane, and Phytosterols. This extract offers protective, nourishing, and soothing benefits. It also combats glycation, a process where sugars bind to proteins like collagen, preventing their breakdown and maintaining skin elasticity. Its versatility makes it suitable for all skin types, especially beneficial for dehydrated, weakened, and sensitive skin.

Omega Rich Oils combine a variety of oils rich in Omega Fatty Acids (3, 6 & 9), essential for skin health, as our skin can only produce minimal amounts. These fatty acids penetrate between skin cells, enhancing the skin's barrier function, boosting water retention, and nourishing the skin. They also contain natural antioxidants that protect against UV-induced damage and slow down cellular ageing.

Orange Extract Water provides refreshing, toning and stimulating benefits while Orange Water replenishes mineral salts and trace elements that are lost through water evaporation. Working in harmony to energise, brighten and hydrate the skin.

Organic Lemon Water is a revitalising skincare ingredient known for its refreshing and purifying properties. This 100% Organic Lemon Water replenishes skin's hydration reservoirs.  Rich in Vitamin C and Antioxidants it brightens the complexion, tightens pores, and reduces imperfections. Its natural astringent qualities cleanse and detoxify the skin, leaving it fresh and rejuvenated.

Panthenol, also known as Pro-vitamin B5, is a potent humectant renowned for its exceptional hydrating, repairing, and soothing qualities. When applied to the skin, Panthenol converts to Coenzyme A, an enzyme crucial for skin regeneration. Its versatile benefits and compatibility with all skin types make Panthenol a preferred choice for replenishing and fortifying dehydrated and compromised skin.

Saccharide Isomerate, also known as PentavitinÆ, is a carbohydrate complex derived from plants that closely resembles those found in human skin. It serves multiple functions in skincare: first, it acts as a prebiotic, supporting a healthy balance of microorganisms on the skin's surface, which is crucial for maintaining skin health.

Secondly, Saccharide Isomerate functions as a powerful humectant. This means it attracts moisture from the environment and binds it to the skin, acting like a "water magnet." This ability helps to deeply hydrate the skin, making it appear plump, smooth, and intensely moisturised.

Studies have shown that Saccharide Isomerate can increase skin hydration levels for up to 72 hours after application, making it an effective ingredient for providing long-lasting hydration and maintaining skin moisture balance.

Peony Extract works to prevent skin ageing by enhancing skin cell communication. It specifically works on deeper layers of the skin to prevent early adipocyte (fat cells) loss and migration, preserving facial volume, density and facial contours.

Peptides function as targeted signalling molecules, communicating with skin cells to support repair, regeneration and overall skin function while maintaining the integrity of the skin barrier. Different types of peptides work in complementary ways — signal peptides stimulate collagen and elastin production to improve firmness, carrier peptides deliver essential trace elements to support enzymatic processes, and neurotransmitter-inhibiting peptides soften wrinkles. By activating these pathways, peptides improve skin density, smooth wrinkles and enhance elasticity. Due to their precise, bio-active mechanism, they deliver advanced anti-ageing benefits.

Perfluorocarbons function as oxygen-carrying molecules, helping to enhance the availability and diffusion of oxygen at the skin’s surface while supporting optimal cellular function. They work by dissolving and transporting oxygen, improving the skin’s ability to utilise it efficiently, which is essential for cellular energy production and repair processes. By supporting oxygenation, they help to revitalise dull, fatigued skin, improve radiance and enhance overall skin vitality.

Poly-Hydroxy Acids are a chemical exfoliant which exfoliate the top layers of the skin. However unlike AHAs & BHAs, they consist of larger molecules so they tend to sit on the surface of the skin for longer and penetrate slowly. Therefore, they are particularly good for more sensitive skins. As well as sloughing off dead skin cells, revealing a smoother, clearer and brighter complexion; this acid is also a fantastic hydrator.

Polyquaternium is a lightweight, water-soluble conditioning polymer used in haircare to improve softness, manageability and frizz control without weighing hair down. It works by carrying a positive charge, which allows it to selectively bind to the negatively charged areas of the hair, especially damaged or porous sections, where it forms a thin, flexible conditioning film. This film smooths the hair cuticle, increases slip, reduces tangling and minimises friction during washing and brushing, helping to prevent breakage. Because it rinses cleanly and does not build up heavily, Polyquaternium leaves hair feeling soft, silky and conditioned while still light, making it suitable for fine, colour-treated and damaged hair types.

Polysaccharides are naturally occurring long-chain carbohydrates derived from plants, algae, fungi, or biotechnological fermentation. They are valued for their ability to hydrate, soothe, and protect the skin through their humectant and film-forming properties. By attracting and retaining moisture, they help strengthen the skin barrier, reduce transepidermal water loss, and leave the complexion feeling soft and supple. Many polysaccharides also possess soothing and anti-inflammatory effects, helping to calm irritation and support the skin’s natural repair processes, while some act as prebiotics to promote a balanced microbiome. They are especially beneficial for dry, sensitive, dehydrated, or compromised skin, as well as those exposed to environmental stressors.

Pracaxi Seed Oil is a nutrient-rich plant oil extracted from the seeds of the Amazonian Pracaxi tree, and is valued for its exceptional smoothing, strengthening and shine-enhancing properties. It is naturally high in behenic, oleic and linoleic fatty acids, which allow the oil to spread easily over the hair surface and penetrate the cuticle to replenish lost lipids. By restoring this lipid layer, Pracaxi seed oil helps seal the cuticle, reduce moisture loss and improve elasticity, making hair softer, more flexible and less prone to breakage. Its lightweight yet deeply conditioning nature also helps tame frizz, improve manageability and add gloss without leaving hair greasy, making it particularly effective for dry, damaged, textured or chemically treated hair.

Formulations designed to support the skin's microbiome — the ecosystem of beneficial microorganisms that play a central role in barrier function, immune response, and overall skin health. Prebiotics feed and sustain beneficial bacteria already present on the skin, while probiotics introduce live cultures or their derivatives to reinforce microbial balance. A well-functioning microbiome helps regulate inflammation, reduce sensitivity, and maintain the conditions needed for a resilient, healthy-looking complexion.

Prickly Pear Cactus Extract has strong water retention capabilities which have powerful nourishing benefits and therefore are extremely effective at combatting dry skin. Moreover, its piscidic acid content is adept at protecting the skin from oxidative stress, preventing premature cutaneous ageing. Lastly, it contains soothing benefits as it blocks stress markers in the skins' sensory nerve cells, which calms the skin.

Propylene Glycol is a powerful humectant which attracts and binds water molecules to the skin, helping to restore hydration levels and maintain plumpness. It also enhances the absorption of other actives, making it an important building block in effective hydrating complexes.

Radish Root Ferment acts as a targeted prebiotic — selectively feeding and strengthening beneficial bacteria on the skin's surface while simultaneously inhibiting the growth of pathogenic microorganisms. This dual action supports a more balanced, diverse and resilient skin microbiome, creating the conditions in which the skin's own natural defence and repair mechanisms can function optimally.

Resveratrol is a powerful antioxidant naturally found in red grapes. It contains high levels of polyphenols that help protect the skin from UV damage and environmental stressors by neutralising free radicals. By safeguarding cell DNA, it reduces inflammation and accelerates the skin's natural repair processes. Additionally, resveratrol helps to inhibit glycation, the process in which excess sugars bind to collagen and elastin, leading to stiffness and loss of elasticity. Through its antioxidant and anti-glycation actions, resveratrol effectively reduces wrinkles, evens out skin tone, and improves firmness, resulting in a brighter and more youthful complexion.

Vitamin A also known as retinol is one of the most well proven skincare actives for treating blemishes, pigmentation, and signs of ageing. It works by speeding up cell turnover, stimulating collagen and elastin production, supporting DNA repair and regulating melanin (pigment) and sebum (oil) overproduction. This results in a smoother, firmer, more even complexion.

Rose Extract, extracted from delicate flower petals, is rich in antioxidants, anti-inflammatory compounds, and essential fatty acids. Essential fatty acids strengthen and nourish the skin barrier, enhancing hydration and promoting softness. Antioxidants shield skin cells from environmental stressors like pollution and UV rays, delaying wrinkles and preserving firmness. Anti-inflammatory properties soothe sensitive skin, alleviating redness and delivering instant comfort. Beyond its cosmetic advantages, rose oil boasts aromatherapeutic properties that uplift and promote relaxation.

Rosehip Oil (Rosa Canina) is a nutrient-dense oil, rich in essential fatty acids (omega-3, -6, and -9), vitamins A, C, and E, and antioxidants like lycopene and beta-carotene. It helps regenerate and protect the skin by supporting collagen production, enhancing elasticity, and improving tone and texture. The oil’s fatty acids strengthen the skin’s barrier, locking in moisture and preventing dehydration, while its antioxidants neutralise free radicals to reduce inflammation and slow visible signs of ageing.

Rosemary Extract provides soothing and protective benefits. Rich in antioxidants, it shields the skin from environmental damage while its anti-inflammatory properties calm and reduce irritation, promoting a healthy and balanced complexion.

Rye Extract firms and smooths the skin, increasing its tone and tightness. It stimulates fibres that enhance the skin's strength and elasticity, restoring its plumpness for long-lasting results.

Sage is a naturally purifying and mattifying botanical that helps regulate oil and refine pores. Its natural antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties target impurities and calm irritation, making it ideal for acneic skin. Rich in antioxidants, it helps defend the skin against free radical damage (unstable molecules that damage skin cells and speed up aging).

Sea Buckthorn, rich in Essential Fatty Acids, regenerates the skin's barrier and reduces Trans epidermal Water Loss (TEWL), which is the loss of moisture through the skin. It improves micro-circulation, restores radiance, and rejuvenates skin. High in Vitamin E and Carotenoids, it offers antioxidant protection, while Omega-3 and Sterols soothe and reduce inflammation.

Shea Butter is renowned for its deeply nourishing benefits. It helps to repair and strengthen a weakened skin barrier while enhancing water retention. It quickly replenishes and restores dry, dehydrated and fragile skins.

Silk Extract is a protein that coats the hair shaft, enhancing smoothness and shine, whilst protecting against environmental stressors. It strengthens and conditions hair fibres, reducing breakage, resulting in softer, more manageable hair.

Silk, composed of Glycoprotein Polymers, forms a film on the skin's surface, delivering an immediate smoothing effect. It also provides hydrating, firming, and softening benefits for the skin.

Squalane is a skin-identical lipid with a high affinity for the skin. Naturally found in human sebum, it enhances the skin's barrier function and promotes efficient water retention. Lightweight and non-comedogenic, squalane is suitable for all skin types.

Stem cells function as regenerative actives, supporting the skin’s ability to repair, renew and maintain overall vitality while preserving the integrity of the skin barrier. In topical skincare, plant stem cell extracts help to protect and stimulate the skin’s own stem cells, enhancing cellular longevity and supporting the production of collagen and elastin. By reinforcing these renewal pathways, they help to improve skin density, reduce the appearance of fine lines and maintain firmness over time.

Pressed from the seeds of Helianthus Annuus, Sunflower Oil is a biologically active plant lipid with a high concentration of Linoleic Acid and Vitamin E. It enhances skin hydration, soothes inflammation, and supports skin regeneration. By stimulating collagen metabolism and reinforcing the lipid barrier, it helps to mitigate the damaging effects of UV exposure and environmental aggressors, contributing to improved skin resilience and suppleness.

Sweet Almond Oil is a popular skincare active rich in Vitamins E and Fatty Acids. It deeply nourishes, hydrates and soothes the skin. Its lightweight texture quickly absorbs leaving a silky soft finish. Sweet Almond Oil helps to improve skin tone, reduce the appearance of fine lines, and protect against environmental damage. It also calms inflammation, leaving skin comforted and soothed.

SYN®-AKE is a synthetic Tripeptide (a small molecule made up of three amino acids) designed to mimic the muscle-relaxing effects of snake venom. It works by inhibiting facial muscle contractions, which are responsible for forming expression lines like those around the eyes, forehead, and mouth. Similar to injectable treatments, SYN®-AKE smooths wrinkles and provides a noticeable lifting effect, particularly on sagging skin. This peptide is revolutionary in skincare for its ability to reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles without the need for invasive procedures, helping to achieve a more youthful and rejuvenated complexion.

Thyme helps keep oily, congested, and acne-prone skin clear and balanced. It works to regulate excess oil, fight acne-causing bacteria, and target whiteheads and blackheads, while its anti-inflammatory action calms irritation. These results come from its natural phenolic properties which are plant-based antioxidant compounds with strong antibacterial and purifying power.

Tranexamic Acid is a powerful active ingredient known for its anti-pigmentation and skin brightening effects. It works by inhibiting tyrosinase, an enzyme crucial for melanin (pigmentation)  production, and subsequently blocks the transfer of pigment to the surrounding cells in the upper layers, effectively preventing the formation of dark spots. Additionally, Tranexamic Acid exhibits anti-inflammatory properties, which prevents post-inflammatory pigmentation and post-blemish marks.

Tucumã Seed Butter is a richly nourishing plant butter extracted from the seeds of the Tucumã palm, native to the Amazon rainforest, and is prized for its ability to restore softness, strength and elasticity to dry or damaged hair. Naturally high in fatty acids such as lauric, oleic and linoleic acids, it works by replenishing the hair’s depleted lipid layer, which helps seal the cuticle, reduce moisture loss, and improve smoothness and shine. Its unique lipid profile allows it to soften and condition the hair fiber without excessive heaviness, improving flexibility so hair bends rather than breaks. By smoothing rough cuticles and reducing friction, it helps tame frizz, enhance manageability and protect hair from ongoing mechanical and environmental stress, making it especially beneficial for dry, brittle, textured or chemically treated hair.

A powerful humectant naturally found in the skin, Urea draws and retains moisture within the stratum corneum, delivering deep, long-lasting hydration. It also helps to gently soften and smooth rough or flaky areas, improving overall skin texture and suppleness.

Vitamin C functions as a potent antioxidant, protecting the skin against oxidative stress caused by environmental aggressors such as UV exposure and pollution while supporting overall skin health. It works by neutralising free radicals and stimulating collagen synthesis, helping to improve firmness, reduce the appearance of wrinkles and enhance skin resilience. Additionally, Vitamin C inhibits tyrosinase, the enzyme responsible for melanin production, making it highly effective at brightening the complexion, reducing pigmentation and promoting a more even skin tone.

Vitamin E is a powerful oil-soluble antioxidant renowned for its excellent skin-protecting and replenishing properties. It helps prevent premature ageing by safeguarding skin cell membranes from damaging free radicals. Its nourishing qualities strengthen the skin barrier, enhancing resilience against environmental aggressors and improving water retention by reducing trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL). Additionally, Vitamin E has soothing effect thanks to it anti-inflammatory properties.

Walnut Extract counteracts skin ageing by stimulating fibroblast activity and inhibiting elastase. Meaning that it prevents the natural elastin in our skin from degrading, promoting a more elastic and smoother skin, whilst reducing fine lines & wrinkles and promoting a more toned skin. This ingredient also has powerful antioxidant properties which prevents cells from oxidative stress.

Wasabi in skincare is valued for its brightening and tone-enhancing properties, helping to revitalise dull, uneven skin. Rich in bioactive compounds such as isothiocyanates, it supports improved microcirculation and helps reduce oxidative stress, both of which contribute to a more radiant complexion. By energising the skin and enhancing its natural glow, wasabi helps promote a brighter, fresher, and more luminous appearance with improved overall clarity.

Witch Hazel extract is rich in tannins, flavonoids and has potent anti-inflammatory properties. It promotes microcirculation and strengthens the capillary network to reduce skin sensitivity and redness.

Xylitol is a naturally occurring sugar alcohol found in various fruits and vegetables. Xylitol acts as a humectant (hydrator) enhancing the skin's ability to attract and retain hydration from its surroundings. It also supports the production of Natural Moisturising Factors (NMFs), to provide long-lasting hydration,  plumpness and softness.

Yacón Root Juice is a plant-derived extract and is used for its powerful humectant and conditioning properties. Naturally rich in fructooligosaccharides and sugars, it attracts and binds water to the hair and scalp, helping to maintain hydration and prevent dryness. By increasing moisture content within the hair fiber, Yacón root juice improves softness, flexibility and elasticity, which reduces brittleness and breakage. It also helps smooth the cuticle and enhance manageability, while supporting scalp comfort by maintaining hydration, making it especially beneficial for dry, fragile or stressed hair.

Yeast extract is a bio-fermented active that helps rebalance the skin’s microbiome while regulating excess sebum and reducing congestion or dullness. By supporting a healthier microbial environment, it limits the growth of unwanted bacteria on the skin’s surface, helping to purify and refine texture without stripping or irritation. Its enzymatic action also encourages gentle cellular turnover, which helps lift away built-up dead skin cells and improves clarity, contributing to a brighter and more even complexion. Furthermore, yeast helps to reinforce barrier function so the skin remains more stable, resilient, and less reactive over time. This makes yeast extract especially effective for skin that is unbalanced, oily-tendency, stressed by urban pollution, or in need of both soothing repair and a clearer, healthier surface environment.

Zinc functions as a multi-functional skin-regulating mineral, supporting oil balance, inflammation control and overall skin healing while maintaining the integrity of the skin barrier. It works by helping to regulate sebum production, reducing excess oil and preventing congestion, while delivering antibacterial action against blemish-causing bacteria. At the same time, zinc supports wound healing and reduces redness by modulating inflammatory responses within the skin. By balancing these processes, it helps to refine pores, calm breakouts and improve overall skin clarity, making it particularly beneficial for oily, acne and congestion prone skin.